COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

Which of the following statements is true concerning human blood?

a)  The blood of all normal humans contains red and white cells, platelets, and plasma.

b)   Some human populations normally lack the ability to produce plasma.

c)    Proteins are not normal components of human blood.

Erythrocyte is another name for a:

a) Red cell

b) White cell

c) Platelet

Which of the following blood components provide the major defense for our bodies against invading bacteria and viruses?

a) Red cells

b) White cells

c) Platelets

The relatively clear liquid medium which carries the other cells of blood is called:

A) lipid

b) Antibody

c) Plasma

Which of the following are likely to increase in quantities when the body is under attack from bacteria?

a) Erythrocytes

b) Leukocytes

c) Thrombocytes

When blood clumps or forms visible islands in the still liquid plasma, it is called:

a) Clotting

b) Agglutination

c) None of the above

Antigens are:

a) Found on the surface of red cells

b) Kinds of red cells that identify a blood type

c) Relatively large carbohydrate molecules

d) A and b

Which of the following statements is true of antigen-antibody interactions?

a) They are used by our bodies only to identify blood types.

b) They are used to identify and reject microorganisms, such as viruses and bacteria that invade our bodies.

c) They are the way our blood clots when we are bleeding from an open wound.

d) B and c

Most of the volume of normal human blood is composed of:

a) Red cells

b) Hemoglobin

c) Plasma

d) White cells

Select the statement about red blood cells that is incorrect.

A) Mature red blood cells lack nuclei.

B) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin.

C) De-oxyhemoglobin carries oxygen.

D) Red blood cells lack mitochondria.

The precursor of all lines of blood cells is the _______________.

A) Myoblast

B) Hemocytoblast

C) Proerythroblast

D) Progranulocyte

When red blood cells are worn out, part of their components are recycled while others are disposed. Select the incorrect statement about destruction of red blood cells.

A) The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow.

B) Iron is carried to the bone marrow by a protein called transferrin.

C) Biliverdin and bilirubin impart color to bile.

D) Macrophages in the liver and spleen destroy worn out red blood cells.

Which dietary component(s) is/are needed for DNA synthesis, and thus greatly influence the production of red blood cells?

A) Calcium

B) Iron

C) Vitamin B12 and folic acid

D) Protein

The type of anemia that is fairly common and caused by insufficient dietary iron is ______________.

A) Aplastic anemia

B) Pernicious anemia

C) Hemolytic anemia

D) Iron deficiency anemia

The type of white blood cell that often arrives at the site of infection first, is a granulocyte, and contains granules that stain light purple is a _______________.

A) Basophil

B) Eosinophil

C) Neutrophil

D) Monocyte

The largest cells in the blood that leave the bloodstream to become macrophages are the _______________.

A) Eosinophil’s

B) Monocytes

C) Basophils

D) Neutrophils

A person with eosinophilia, or greater than normal numbers of eosinophil’s, is most likely suffering from ____________.

A) Allergies or internal parasites

B) Anemia

C) An autoimmune disease

D) Diabetes

An acute infection would show up in a blood count as ______________.

A) Leukopenia

B) Leukocytosis

C) Too few helper T cells

D) Thrombocytopenia

Which plasma proteins help transport lipids in the bloodstream?

A) Albumins

B) Alpha and beta globulins

C) Fibrinogen

D) Gamma globulins

Sedentary people with elevated triglyceride levels who continue to eat fatty foods are likely to have high levels of ____________ in their bloodstream.

A) High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

B) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

C) very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL)

D) Chylomicrons

Choose the correct order for the steps of hemostasis.

A) Blood coagulation, platelet plug formation, blood vessel spasm

B) Platelet plug formation, blood coagulation, blood vessel spasm

C) Blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation

D) Blood vessel spasm, blood coagulation, platelet plug formation

Which clotting factor is released from damaged tissue, and initiates a chain of clotting events?

A) Prothrombin

B) Thrombin

C) Fibrin

D) Tissue thromboplastic

A person with type AB blood would have ____________ antigens on red blood cells, and ___________ antibodies carried in the plasma.

A) A and B; neither anti-A nor anti-B

B) Neither A nor B; both anti-A and anti-B

C) B; anti-A

D) A; anti-B

Erythroblastosis fetalis, also known as hemolytic disease of the newborn, most often occurs in ______________ mothers carrying ______________ fetuses.

A) Rh+; Rh-

B) Rh-; Rh+

C) Type A; type O

D) Type B; Type A

Which blood cell can be described as being a biconcave disc?

A) Platelet

B) Neutrophil

C) Eosinophil

D) Erythrocyte

The liquid portion of blood is referred to as _____.

A) Whole blood

B) Hematocrit

C) Plasma

D) Serum

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

A) Erythrocyte

B) Serum

C) Leukocyte

D) Platelet

Which of the following directly defines the transportation of oxygen?

A) Hemoglobin

B) Ox hemoglobin

C) Reduced hemoglobin

D) Red cell count

Red blood cells survive around _____ days.

A) 120

B) 240

C) 10

D) 360

Which of the following indicates a normal white blood cell count?

A) 1 million per mm3

B) 15,000 per cm3

C) 10,000 per mm3

D) 3,000 per mm3

Which of these cell types should not be grouped with the others?

A) Neutrophil

B) Lymphocyte

C) Eosinophil

D) Basophil

Which white blood cell is not phagocytic?

A) Neutrophil

B) Monocyte

C) Lymphocyte

D) Eosinophil

Which are the largest of the white blood cells?

A) Lymphocytes

B) Eosinophil’s

C) Basophils

D) Monocytes

Antibodies are defense substances produced by the _____ cells.

A) T-lymphocyte

B) Monocyte

C) B-lymphocyte

D) Leukocyte