SECTION B SENIOR THREE PAPER TWO .

SECTION B 

 VALENTINE’S DAY

Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday honoring  lovers. It is celebrated on the fourteenth day of February by the custom of sending greeting cards or gifts to express affection. The cards, known as valentines, are often designed with hearts to symbolize love.The holiday probably derives from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalis (February 15), also called the Lupercalia. In an annual rite of fertility, eligible young men and women would be paired as couples through a town lottery. Briefly clad or naked men would then run through the town carrying the skins of newly sacrificed goats dipped in blood. The women of the town would present themselves to be gently slapped by the strips and marked by the blood to improve their chances of conceiving in the coming year. As Christianity came to dominance in Europe, pagan holidays such as Lupercalia were frequently renamed for early Christian martyrs. In 496 Pope Gelasius officially declared February 14 to be the feast day of two Roman martyrs, both named Saint Valentine, who lived in the third century. Neither Saint Valentine seems to have an obvious connection to courtship or lovers. Despite attempts by the Christian church to sanctify the holiday, the association of Valentine’s Day with romance and courtship continued through the middle Ages. In medieval France and England it was believed that birds mated on February 14, and the image of birds as the symbol of lovers began to appear in poems dedicated to the day. By the 18th century it was common for friends and lovers to exchange handwritten notes on Valentine’s Day. Printed cards had largely replaced written sentiments by the 19th century. In 1840 Esther Howland of Worcester, Massachusetts, created the first line of mass-produced Valentines for sale. Today, Valentine’s Day is second only to Christmas as the most popular card-sending holiday.Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2008. © 1993-2007 Microsoft Corporation. Questions1. When is Valentine’s Day celebrated?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2. How is Valentine’s Day celebrated?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. What would the young men and women do on valentine in ancient Rome?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4. Who declared fourteenth February to be a feast day?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5. Why were birds chosen as a symbol of lovers on Valentine’s Day?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………6. What is the meaning of the sentence, ‘Today, Valentine’s Day is second only to Christmas as the most popular card-sending holiday’?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7. Give the meaning of each of the following as used in the passage:i) Eligible……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………ii) Affection

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………iii) Courtship……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(10 MARKS)

3. Rewrite the following sentences as instructed without changing their meaning

1. Okello was very old. Okello could not see properly.(use:…so…that…)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. John is a rich man. Jimmy is equally a rich man.(Begin: Both…..)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Unless someone pays the bill, he’ll be arrested. (Begin if……..)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. She needs to be looked after. (Rewrite to end with ……looking after)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. They don’t recognize the effort of hard working teachers.(change into passive)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. He was the cleverest boy in school.(rewrite using cleverer)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Musoke did not do the test. Mike equally did not do the test. (Begin: Neither….)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

8. You have to go for an interview dressed properly to impress the panel.(rewrite using :…..in order that…)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. “I will have done my work by the end of the next year, “said Jennifer. (Rewrite the sentence in reported speech.)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

10. The senior ones said they had passed the exams. (Change into direct speech)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

SUCCESS