STANDARD HIGH SCHOOL ZZANA ORDINARY LEVEL GEOGRAPHY PAPER ONE

This course includes learning materials that lie within the rest of Africa, so avoid examples from East Africa. Introduction Africa is one of the six continents in the visible world and the second largest continent after Euro-Asia. Covering an area of about 30,368,609sqkm, which is 20% of the world’s land mass, comprising 64 political territories including adjacent islands. It has a population of 1.311.000.000 billion people having a population density of 32/km² accounting for 15% of the world’s population with a growth rate of 92.293 million pa. The continent is strategically located astride the equator crossed by the three latitudes i.e.

• Tropic of Cancer in the north
• Equator in the central and
• Tropic of Capricorn in the south

N.B: About 77% of the total land area in Africa lies within the Tropics i.e. between the Tropic of Cancer 23 1\2 degrees in the north and Tropic of Capricorn 23 1\2 degrees in the south. It is also crossed by the major longitude called Greenwich Meridian. Africa is also substantially occupied by the Sahara desert in the north and the Kalahari in the southwest. It is bordered by extensive water bodies like the Mediterranean Sea in the …….., the Red sea in the………,  ……..  ocean  in  the  east  and  the  ……… ocean in west having a continental shelf of about 300 km and a coastline that is estimated between 26,000- 30,400 km. It is also surrounded by land masses like the Euro-Asia in the north, Australia in the east, Antarctica in the south, North and South America in the west. Africa is also characterized by different ethnic groups, Bantu being the largest, Nilotic, Hamites among others. Sketch map of Africa showing Major latitudes, longitude, neighboring water bodies and continents